Parts of Speech

Parts of Speech

In English, most of us know the common names for parts of speech, like nouns, verbs, etc. But what are the equivalents in Mandarin?

名词 (Míngcí) is a Noun.

(Cí) means Word and (Míng) relates to a name. That makes sense as a noun is a naming word.

词典 (Cídiǎn) is a dictionary.

动词 (Dòngcí) is a Verb. (Dòng) relates to moving, so a verb is like an action word.

形容词 (Xíngróngcí) is an Adjective. 形容 (Xíngróng) basically means to describe. So an adjective is a descriptive word.

副词 (Fùcí) is an Adverb. (Fù) in this case is a bit like “vice” when used for “vice captain”.

代词 (Dàicí) is a Pronoun. (Dài) here is a bit like “representative”, which is actually translated as 代表 (Dàibiǎo). So a pronoun is like an representative word.

介词 (Jiècí) is a Preposition. (Jiè) here is like “introduce”, so a preposition is an introducing word.

连词 (Liáncí) is a Conjunction. (Lián) relates to “connecting”, so a conjunction is a connecting word.

叹词 (Tàn cí) is an Interjection. (Tàn) in this case is a bit like “sigh”. It’s a bit rough, but I think of an interjection as a “sigh word”.

2020-05-22